編者按：繼美國EPA發佈關於飲用水和汙水中新冠病毒的解答（疫情跟蹤 | 美國EPA：就飲用水和汙水中的新冠病毒對公眾的權威解答），以及美國CDC下屬中心NCIRD針對飲用水、娛樂用水和汙水中新冠病毒的傳播風險進行解答後（疫情跟蹤 | 美國疾控中心：新冠病毒通過飲用水、娛樂用水和汙水傳播的幾點解答），美國供排水企業和相關管理單位也高度關注供排水系統的安全性問題，從相關的報道看，新冠肺炎病毒的傳播並不會影響正常的飲用水供應和汙水處理系統，正常的水處理工藝即可去除和滅活該病毒，美國相關企業也高度重視工作人員的防護，除減少非必要的工作人員到崗外，在需要操作的設備上安裝了消毒劑和消毒劑溼巾以保證個人安全。
Public water suppliers say systems are safe
美國供排水企業認為系統是安全的
In this coronavirus pandemic, toilet paper panic buying gets all the quizzical headlines, but the empty shelves in groceries’ bottled water aisles also deserve some head scratching.
在本次新冠病毒疫情期間，除了搶購衛生紙令人感到不解之外，貨架上的瓶裝水銷售一空也讓人感到驚奇。
That's because public water suppliers are reporting no problems with water quality or quantity due to the coronavirus pandemic, and none is anticipated, according to the latest directives from the Centers for Disease Control and Protection.
這還是在供水企業公告新冠疫情下水質和水量都沒有出現問題，美國疾病控制與防護中心(CDC)的最新指南中也沒有提及風險的前提下。
The CDC's on-line advisory flatly states that COVID-19 has not been detected in drinking water, and “conventional water treatment methods that use filtration and disinfection such as those in most municipal drinking water systems should remove or inactivate the virus.”
CDC的在線諮詢明確表示，目前在飲用水中沒有檢測到新冠肺炎病毒，“大多數市政自來水廠的飲用水處理系統工藝中都包含了過濾和消毒模塊，可以去除或滅活該病毒。”
Unlike a power outage, flooding or other natural disasters, a pandemic does not harm or disable drinking water treatment, said Jake Pawlak, a spokesman for the Pittsburgh Water and Sewer Authority.
匹茲堡供水和排水管理局發言人Jake Pawlak表示，與停電、洪水或其他自然災害不同，傳染病不會危害或停止飲用水處理系統。
“Our water treatment plant is operating normally, and our treatment procedures are effective at inactivating the virus,” Mr. Pawlak said in reassuring PWSA’s 83,000 water customers and 300,000 consumers. “Their tap water is safe to drink and use for personal hygiene.”
“我們的水廠運轉正常，水處理工藝有效地殺滅了病毒。” Pawlak在安撫匹茲堡供排水管理局轄區內的8.3萬名用水用戶和30萬名汙水處理用戶時說。“龍頭水可以安全飲用，並可用於個人衛生護理。”
He said that while PWSA does not specifically test for the COVID-19 virus at its intake and treatment plant along the Allegheny River in Aspinwall, the authority uses industry standard filtration and disinfection techniques like those described in the CDC guidance.
他表示，雖然匹茲堡供排水管理局並沒有在位於Allegheny River沿岸的取水口和汙水處理廠專門檢測新冠肺炎病毒，但相關的水廠和汙水廠都使用了與CDC指南中描述類似的過濾和消毒技術標準。
“We monitor these systems daily and are currently well exceeding established standards for virus removal and/or protection,” Mr. Pawlak said in an email response to questions.
在回覆用戶的郵件中，Pawlak表示：“我們每天都在監控水處理系統的運行情況，目前我們的處理標準遠遠高於病毒去除的既定標準，對相關人員的保護措施也高於既定要求”。
He said that non-essential staff at the water treatment plant has been directed not to report to work to reduce the risk the virus will be brought into the plant or spread among water plant employees. PWSA has also increased the frequency and thoroughness of cleaning inside the water plant and stocked operator terminals with sanitizer and disinfectant wipes for use when operators leave one station for another.
Pawlak介紹到，目前水廠已經要求非必要的工作人員居家辦公，以減少病毒被帶入水廠或在水廠的員工間交叉傳播的風險。匹茲堡供排水管理局還增加了轄區水廠內部的清潔頻率、加強清潔強度，並在工作人員需要操作接觸的設備上準備了消毒劑和消毒劑溼巾，以便在操作員離開時進行個人清潔工作。
“It should be stressed that these precautions are primarily being taken to safeguard against staff shortages in the event that an operator contracts the virus through interpersonal contact,” Mr. Pawlak said.
應該強調的是，這些預防措施主要是為了防止由於工作人員相互間交叉感染導致的減員。
Pennsylvania American Water, the largest privately owned water supplier in the state, says on its web page that its filtration and disinfection of surface water supplies, and disinfection of groundwater from wells, “are effective in removing and/or inactivating viruses.”
賓夕法尼亞州美國水公司是該州最大的私人供水公司，該公司在其網站上說，他們對地表水原水的過濾和消毒措施，以及對深井地下水的消毒措施，都能有效地清除和/或滅活病毒。”
Gary Lobaugh, a Pennsylvania American spokesman, said the water company that serves approximately 230,000 drinking water customers and 11,000 wastewater customers in Allegheny, Fayette and Washington counties meets all federal and state drinking water requirements, and is monitoring coronavirus updates from the CDC, the World Health Organization and Johns Hopkins University as well as other state and federal organizations.
美國賓夕法尼亞州的發言人Gary Lobaugh說，該供水公司為阿勒格尼，費耶特和華盛頓州的約23萬飲用水用戶和1.1萬汙水處理用戶提供服務，滿足聯邦政府和州政府所有飲用水的要求。並且該公司正在和其他州和聯邦政府的其他組織一樣持續關注CDC、世界衛生組織和約翰霍普金斯大學發佈的冠狀病毒疫情最新情況。
The CDC directive states the risk of transmission of the virus through sewage systems “may be possible,” but is “thought to be low.” There are no reports that such transmission of the virus has occurred, although the CDC continues to review data and assess new evidence.
根據CDC發佈的指南，“可能存在”病毒通過汙水系統傳播的風險，但“被認為很低”。“儘管CDC在持續跟蹤並更新數據，但目前還沒有關於新冠病毒在水中傳播的報道。
According to the CDC, SARS, a similar coronavirus, is detectable in untreated sewage for from two to 14 days, and in the 2003 SARS outbreak there was documented transmission from sewage aerosols.
根據CDC報道，SARS病毒，一種與新冠病毒類似的冠狀病毒，可以在未經處理的汙水中存活2~14天，並且在2003年SARS爆發時，有記錄顯示SARS病毒可以通過汙水氣溶膠進行傳播。
However normal wastewater system chlorination practices may be sufficient to inactivate coronaviruses, the CDC directive states.
然而，CDC表示，常規的汙水處理氯消毒工序可足以滅活冠狀病毒。
Joseph Vallarian, an Allegheny County Sanitary Authority spokesman, said in an email response to questions that the authority follows best practices from the CDC and the Allegheny County Health Department for general employee safety, including directives from the Water Environment Federation for workers exposed to sewage before, during and after treatment.
阿勒格尼縣衛生部門發言人Joseph Vallarian在一封回覆郵件中表示，相關單位應遵循CDC和阿勒格尼縣衛生局關於一般員工安全的最佳方案，包括水環境聯合會針對在汙水處理之前、期間和之後接觸汙水的工人的指令 。
He said operations at the plant along the Ohio River in the Woods Run neighborhood are “status quo” for now, and it has not tested sewage for COVID-19.
他說，目前Ohio河沿岸Woods Run社區的工廠的運行一如既往，暫未對汙水進行新冠病毒的檢測。
“At this time, our treatment process has not changed. We will make any necessary adjustments, if they arise, based upon recommendations from the previously mentioned organizations,” he said in the response.
Joseph Vallarian 表示，“目前，我們沒有改變水廠的處理工藝。如果有任何必要，我們將根據上級組織的建議做出調整。”
Don Hopey: [email protected], 412-263-1983, or on Twitter @donhopey
來源：本文來自Pittsburgh Post-Gazette（匹茲堡郵報），僅供分享交流不做商業用途，不代表淨水技術觀點，版權歸原作者與原作者出處
翻譯：《淨水技術》雜誌社王佳、阮辰旼
排版：西貝
校對：黎翔
本報道由淨水技術整理報道，轉載請聯繫[email protected]。未經允許的侵權行為我社將追究法律責任。
