美國真的宣佈進入緊急狀態了！
美國總統特朗普當地時間15日簽署公告，宣佈美國南部邊境出現“國家緊急狀態”。意在繞過國會籌集更多經費用於在美國與墨西哥邊境修建隔離牆。
Via REUTERS/Carlos Barria
公告認定美南部邊境出現國家緊急狀態。
The current situation at the southern border presents a border security and humanitarian crisis that threatens core national security interests and constitutes a national emergency.美國南部邊境目前出現“邊境安全和人道主義危機”，威脅到美國的“核心國家安全利益”，因此構成“國家緊急狀態”。Via Office of the Press Secretary
公告全文如下：
The current situation at the southern border presents a border security and humanitarian crisis that threatens core national security interests and constitutes a national emergency. The southern border is a major entry point for criminals, gang members, and illicit narcotics. The problem of large-scale unlawful migration through the southern border is long-standing, and despite the executive branch's exercise of existing statutory authorities, the situation has worsened in certain respects in recent years. In particular, recent years have seen sharp increases in the number of family units entering and seeking entry to the United States and an inability to provide detention space for many of these aliens while their removal proceedings are pending. If not detained, such aliens are often released into the country and are often difficult to remove from the United States because they fail to appear for hearings, do not comply with orders of removal, or are otherwise difficult to locate. In response to the directive in my April 4, 2018, memorandum and subsequent requests for support by the Secretary of Homeland Security, the Department of Defense has provided support and resources to the Department of Homeland Security at the southern border. Because of the gravity of the current emergency situation, it is necessary for the Armed Forces to provide additional support to address the crisis.NOW, THEREFORE, I, DONALD J. TRUMP, by the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including sections 201 and 301 of the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.), hereby declare that a national emergency exists at the southern border of the United States, and that section 12302 of title 10, United States Code, is invoked and made available, according to its terms, to the Secretaries of the military departments concerned, subject to the direction of the Secretary of Defense in the case of the Secretaries of the Army, Navy, and Air Force. To provide additional authority to the Department of Defense to support the Federal Government's response to the emergency at the southern border, I hereby declare that this emergency requires use of the Armed Forces and, in accordance with section 301 of the National Emergencies Act (50 U.S.C. 1631), that the construction authority provided in section 2808 of title 10, United States Code, is invoked and made available, according to its terms, to the Secretary of Defense and, at the discretion of the Secretary of Defense, to the Secretaries of the military departments. I hereby direct as follows: Section 1. The Secretary of Defense, or the Secretary of each relevant military department, as appropriate and consistent with applicable law, shall order as many units or members of the Ready Reserve to active duty as the Secretary concerned, in the Secretary's discretion, determines to be appropriate to assist and support the activities of the Secretary of Homeland Security at the southern border. Sec. 2. The Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and, subject to the discretion of the Secretary of Defense, the Secretaries of the military departments, shall take all appropriate actions, consistent with applicable law, to use or support the use of the authorities herein invoked, including, if necessary, the transfer and acceptance of jurisdiction over border lands. Sec. 3. This proclamation is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this fifteenth day of February, in the year of our Lord two thousand nineteen, and of the Independence of the United States of America the two hundred and forty-third.DONALD J. TRUMPVia PBS
美國媒體分析指出，特朗普宣佈進入國家緊急狀態後，他就可以繞過國會，利用軍事建設資金或美國陸軍工兵資金修建邊境牆。
The emergency declaration, according to White House officials, enables the president to divert $3.6 billion from military construction projects to the wall. Mr. Trump will also use more traditional presidential discretion to tap $2.5 billion from counternarcotics programs and $600 million from a Treasury Department asset forfeiture fund.據白宮官員稱，緊急聲明使總統能夠將36億美元從軍事建設項目轉移到修建隔離牆。特朗普還將利用更傳統的總統自由裁量權，從反毒品計劃中獲得25億美元，從財政部資產沒收基金獲得6億美元。Combined with $1.375 billion authorized for fencing in the spending package passed on Thursday night, Mr. Trump would have about $8 billion in all for barriers, significantly more than the $5.7 billion he unsuccessfully demanded from Congress.再加上週四晚上美國國會通過並批准的一項為美墨邊境牆提供13.75億美元資金的法案，特朗普將有大約80億美元來建牆，遠遠超過他向國會要求的57億美元。Via The New York Times
民主黨方面反對聲眾多
美國國會眾議院議長佩洛西和參議院少數黨（民主黨）領袖舒默15日發表聯合聲明，指責特朗普宣佈“國家緊急狀態”的決定“不合法”且“侵犯美國憲法賦予國會的財權”。他們表示，將通過國會、法庭等途徑採取“所有可能的糾正措施”。
Via speaker.gov
在申明中他們強調
“The President’s unlawful declaration over a crisis that does not exist does great violence to our Constitution and makes America less safe, stealing from urgently needed defense funds for the security of our military and our nation.”“總統因為不存在的危機而非法宣佈國家進入緊急狀態是對憲法的褻瀆。這讓美國變得更不安全，這是在竊取保障軍隊與國家安全所急需的國防經費。”“The President’s actions clearly violate the Congress’s exclusive power of the purse, which our Founders enshrined in the Constitution. The Congress will defend our constitutional authorities in the Congress, in the Courts, and in the public, using every remedy available.““總統的行為顯然違反了我們立國之初，憲法所賦予國會的財權。國會將用盡一切辦法來補救，通過國會，法院和公眾捍衛憲法賦予我們的權利。”“The President is not above the law. The Congress cannot let the President shred the Constitution.”“總統不能凌駕於法律之上。國會不能讓總統破壞憲法。“Via speaker.gov
網友有人支持，有人反對
反對的人認為一旦特朗普開先例，美國將“隔三差五”地進入緊急狀態。
Via Twitter
等著看吧，如果特朗普可以因為建牆宣佈進入緊急狀態。等民主黨總統上臺之後就有可以因為氣候變化、槍擊暴力、醫療保障進入緊急狀態。
Via Twitter
這樣做只是把美國推向了獨裁，而不是民主。
Via Twitter
真正的緊急狀態是特朗普上臺做了一系列的糟糕決定。
Via Twitter
等宣佈完進入緊急狀態特朗普就直接跳上飛機飛往佛羅里達打高爾夫了吧。基本上每個總統宣佈完緊急狀態都這麼做。
但是也有不少人看似支持特朗普的申明
Via Twitter
感謝特朗普總統，你每天都為了美國人兢兢業業,勤勤懇懇,任勞任怨。
Via Twitter
他沒有改變憲法，他只是在保護我們的邊界。
Via Twitter
我一點都不後悔，2020年還要投特朗普。
就在吃瓜群眾吵得不可開交的時候，突然有人默默來了一句……
Via Twitter
都別吵了，不是說好墨西哥出錢的嘛？
圖：網絡、Twitter
分享到:
閱讀更多 環球時報英文版 的文章
