*考點點撥*
一、 過去分詞作表語
過去分詞作表語時,主要用在be動詞或連繫動詞之後,往往表示主語的狀態或狀況。例如:
a. I’m very excited to hear the good news.
b. All the tourists remained stuck in the mountains because of the heavy snow.
【注意】
過去分詞作表語與被動語態的區別:過去分詞作表語主要強調的是主語的狀態,而被動語態主要強調的是動作。例如:
a. The novel is well written. (過去分詞作表語,表示特徵)
b. The novel was written in 2001. (被動語態,強調寫的動作)
二、 過去分詞作定語
過去分詞作定語,常放在被修飾詞之後,往往可以用定語從句替換。例如:
a. Most of us are satisfied with the decision made at the meeting.
b. Things lost never come again.
三、 過去分詞作賓語補足語
過去分詞作賓語補足語,表示被動或完成的意義。能接過去分詞作賓語補足語的幾種動詞:
(1) 表示感官、感覺、意願的動詞。如:see, watch, hear, feel, notice, want, wish等。例如:
a. Alina, I can smell something burnt. Could you find it out?
b. Sophie wants her paintings displayed at the art gallery.
c. I wish the work completed in two weeks.
(2) 表示“致使”意義的動詞。如:have, make, get, keep, leave等。例如:
Steven set the alarm to keep himself reminded of his getting up.
此外,在with的複合結構中也可用過去分詞。例如:
With all the work finished, the man decided to go home and have a good sleep.
四、 過去分詞作狀語
(1) 過去分詞作狀語,表示時間、原因、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨等。例如:
Bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our parcels unless we kept the dog on a chain.
Born and brought up in the village, the twins don’t have the chance to get a good education.
(2) 過去分詞作狀語,其邏輯主語是句子的主語。
如果主語不一致,需要在分詞前面加上邏輯主語。有些過去分詞來源於系表結構,作狀語時不表示被動而表示狀態。例如:
Judy stayed in her laboratory, absorbed in her study of medicine.
(3) 過去分詞作狀語,有時可根據需要加上適當的連詞 (when, while, until, once, if, unless, though等),構成“連詞 + 過去分詞”結構作狀語。例如:
When heated, ice can be changed into water.
Though surprised to see us, the host gave us a warm welcome.
*經典習題*
1.This school, ______ hundreds of years ago, has become famous worldwide.
A. build
B. building
C. built
D. to build
2.The photo ______ by the famous photographer is valuable.
A. takes
B. took
C. taking
D. taken
3. There is something wrong with my bike. I’m going to get it ______ .
A. repairs
B. to repair
C. repairing
D. repaired
KEY:1-3 CDD
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