26.05.2015 /EN
FCI-國際純種犬標準第 99 號
WEIMARANER
魏瑪獵犬
本圖片不一定代表此犬種的理想類型
ORIGIN: Germany.
起源：德國
DATE OF PUBLICATION OF THE OFFICIAL VALID STANDARD: 19.03.2015.
正式生效標準發佈日期：2015年3月19日
UTILIZATION: According to his the hunting purpose as a versatile hunting dog, the Weimaraner must possess all the talents required of him, and be able to be used for all works in field, wood and water, in a performance oriented manner, before and after the shot.
用途：作為狩獵用的多功能獵犬，魏瑪犬需要具備多種天賦，能夠勝任田野、樹林和水中所有工作，在開槍前後表現指示方向的姿態。
FCI-CLASSIFICATION:
Group 7 Pointing Dogs.
Section 1.1 Continental Pointing Dogs, Type “Braque”.
With working trial.
FCI分組：
第7組：指示犬組
第1.1類：大陸指示犬，布拉克型
有工作犬測試。
BRIEF HISTORICAL SUMMARY :
There are numerous theories regarding the origin of the Weimaraner Pointing Dog. Only so much is certain: That the Weimaraner, which at that time still contained a great deal of liam hound blood (« Leithund ») was already kept at the Weimar court in the first third of the 19th century. In the middle of the 19th century, before pure breeding was started, breeding was mainly in the hands of professional hunters and gamekeepers in central Germany, mostly in the regions round Weimar and in Thuringia. As the days of the lima hounds passed, the dogs were crossed with the « Hühnerhund » and breeding was continued with this cross. From about 1890 on, the breed was produced according to a plan and regarded as suitable for registration in a stud book. Apart from the shorthaired Weimaraner, a longhaired variety occurred, if only singly, since the turn of the 20th century. Since being admitted to the studbook, the Weimaraner has been pure bred, remaining mostly free from crosses with any other breeds, in particular, Pointers. Therefore the Weimaraner is likely to be the oldest German « pointing » breed, which has been pure bred since 1900.
歷史沿革：
關於魏瑪指示犬的起源有許多說法。唯一確定的是：19世紀初期魏瑪犬仍有大量利亞姆獵犬（Leithund）血統時就已經飼養在魏瑪法院。19世紀中葉純種繁育開始前，繁殖工作掌握在德國中部的專職獵人手中，主要是魏瑪和圖林根一帶。利亞姆獵犬消失後，這些狗和獵鳥犬（Hühnerhund）發生雜交，並用雜交犬繼續繁殖。大約從1890年起，該品種進行有計劃繁殖並登記註冊，除短毛魏瑪犬外，進入20世紀時出現了長毛品種。自從種犬登記簿被承認以來，魏瑪犬就是純種繁殖的，這些犬大多數沒有雜交過其他品種，特別是波音達。因此，魏瑪犬可能是最古老的德國指示犬，自1900年便已純種化。
GENERAL APPEARANCE:
Medium to large size hunting dog.Functional working type, pleasing in shape, sinewy and verymuscular. Difference in type between dogs and bitches easilydistinguished.
整體外貌：
中到大型獵犬。功能性工作犬，外形美觀，強壯且肌肉發達。雄性與雌性外表容易區分。
IMPORTANT PROPORTIONS:
Length of body to height at withers approximately 12 : 11.Proportions of the head; from tip of nose to stop slightly longer than from stop to occiput. Forequarter distance from elbow to mid-pasternand distance from elbow to point of withers about equal.
重要比例：
體長與肩高比約12：11。
頭部比例：鼻尖至額段的長度略大於額段到枕骨長度。
前軀：肘部至蹠骨長度與肘部至肩隆長度大致相等。
BEHAVIOUR/TEMPERAMENT:
Versatile, easily trained steadyand passionate hunting dog. Persevering in systematic search, yet nottoo lively. Remarkable ability to pick up scent. Ready to seize gameand other prey; he is a good watchdog, without aggressivenesshowever. Reliable pointing dog and worker in water. Remarkable inclination to work after the shot.
行為/秉性：
多功能，易訓練，穩定且熱情的獵犬。可持續系統搜索，但不過於活潑。嗅覺敏銳，時刻準備捕捉獵物；是優秀的看守犬但無攻擊性。可靠的指示犬並能在水中工作，聽到槍聲後表現出很強的工作欲。
HEAD: 頭部
CRANIAL REGION: 顱部區域
HEAD: In balance with size of body and facial region. Broader indogs than bitches, yet in both, the relationship between width ofcranial region to total length of head must be in good proportion.Median groove on forehead. Slightly to moderately protrudingoccipital bone. Zygomatic arches easily traceable behind the eyes.
頭部：與身體和麵部比例協調，公犬頭部比母犬寬，但公犬和母犬的顱骨寬度與長度比例適中。前額正中有凹槽，枕骨凸起輕微或適度。眼後方顴骨弓明顯。
Stop: Extremely slight.
額段：極淺。
FACIAL REGION: 面部區域
Nose: Nose leather large, protruding over the under jaw. Dark fleshcolour, merging gradually into gray towards the rear.
鼻：大，突出於下頜。深肉色，向後方逐漸變為灰色。
Muzzle: Long and, specially in the male, powerful, appearing almostangular. Region of canines and carnassial teeth equally strong.Bridge of nose straight, often slightly arched, never with a concavecurve.
吻部：長，尤其在公犬中，強有力，幾乎有稜角。犬齒和裂齒區域同樣強健，鼻樑直，常微拱，但從不凹陷。中等深度肉色，牙齦，嘴角顏色稍淺。
Lips: Moderately deep, flesh coloured, as are the gums. Slight labialcorner.
唇：中等深肉色，牙齦也是，嘴角顏色稍淺。
Jaws/Teeth: Jaws strong; teeth complete, regular and strong. Top andbottom incisors closely touching scissor bite.
頜/齒：頜結實。牙齒完整、規則、堅固，上下切齒緊密相扣呈剪狀咬合。
Cheeks: Muscular, clearly defined.
面頰：肌肉發達，明顯。
Eyes: Amber colour, dark to pale, with intelligent expression. Skybluein puppies. Round, set barely slanting. Lids well fitting.
眼睛：琥珀色，從深到淺，眼神聰慧。幼犬為天藍色，眼圓，位置不傾斜。眼瞼合適。
Ears: Lobular, broad and fairly long, just reaching to corner ofmouth. Set on high and narrow, forming a rounded off point at tip. Inalterness, turned slightly forward, folded.
耳朵：藤葉形，寬且相當長，剛好到達嘴角。位置高，耳根窄，耳尖圓。警惕時略微向前，折起。
NECK: Good carriage. Upper line arched upwards in profile.Muscular, nearly round, not too short, clean. Becoming strongertowards the shoulders and merging harmoniously into the topline andchest.
頸部：高抬，側面拱起。肌肉發達，較圓，不太短，緊湊。向肩膀漸強壯，和諧地融入背線和胸部。
BODY: 軀幹
Topline: From the arched neckline, over the well defined withers thetopline merges gradually into the relatively long back.
背線：從拱起的頸線，經過明確的肩部，逐漸融入較長的背部。
Withers: Well defined.
肩膀：明確。
Back：Muscular, without a dip. Not running up towards the rear. Aslightly longer back, a breed characteristic, is not a fault.
背：肌肉發達，不下沉，不向後方拱起。較長的背部是品種特點，不是缺陷。
Loin: Broad, muscular, straight to slightly arched, transition fromback to loin well closed.
腰：寬，肌肉發達，直或微弓，從背到腰的過渡緊密。
Croup: Pelvis long and moderately sloped.
臀：骨盆長，適度傾斜。
Chest: Strong but not unduly broad, with sufficient depth to reachalmost to elbows and of sufficient length. Well sprung without beingbarrel-shaped and with long ribs. Forechest well developed.
胸：強壯但不過分寬，足夠深到達肘部且足夠長。肋骨擴張良好但不呈桶狀，肋骨長。前胸發達。
Underline and belly: Rising slightly, but belly not tucked up.
腹線和腹部：略微上升，但不收緊。
TAIL: Set on slightly lower than with other similar breeds. Tailstrong and well coated. Carried hanging down in repose. When alertor working, carried level or higher. In countries where it is allowedby law, appropriately tail docking is permissible for shorthairedWeimaraner used for hunting.
尾：與其他相似品種相比位置略低。尾長，覆被毛。休息時尾向下，警覺或工作時，尾水平或更高。在法律允許的國家，狩獵用短毛魏瑪可適當斷尾。
LIMBS: 四肢
FOREQUARTERS: 前軀
General appearance: High on leg, sinewy, straight and parallel, butnot standing wide.
整體外觀：腿長，肌肉發達，直且平行，但距離不太寬。
Shoulders : Long and sloping. Well fitting, strongly muscled. Wellangulated shoulder joint.
肩：長，傾斜。位置合適，肌肉強健。肩關節有角度。
Upper arm: Sloping, sufficiently long and strong.
上臂：傾斜，足夠長且強壯。
Elbows: Free and lying parallel to median plane of body. Turnedneither in nor out.
肘：自如，與身體正中平面平行。不內翻也不外翻。
Forearm : Long, straight and vertical.
前臂：長，直且豎直。
Carpus (Wrist): Strong and taut.
腕骨：結實，緊。
Metacarpus (Pastern): Sinewy, slightly sloping.
掌骨（系部）：強壯有力，略傾斜。
Forefeet: Firm and strong. Standing straight in relation to medianplane of body. Toes arched. Longer middle toes are a breedcharacteristic and therefore not a fault. Nails light to dark gray. Padswell pigmented, coarse.
前足：結實強壯。與身體正中平面垂直，中趾較長為品種特點而非缺陷。顏色淺灰至深灰，腳墊著色好，粗糙。
LIMBS: 四肢
HINDQUARTERS: 後軀
General appearance: High on leg, sinewy, straight and parallel, but not standing wide.
整體外觀：腿長，肌肉發達，直且平行，但距離不太寬。
Upper Thighs: Sufficiently long, strong and well muscled.
大腿：足夠長，強壯，肌肉發達。
Stifle (Knee): Strong and taut.
膝蓋：強壯，緊。
Lower thigh : Long with clearly visible tendons.
小腿：長，肌腱清晰。
Hock joint: Strong and taut.
跗關節：強壯，緊。
Metatarsus (rear pastern) : Sinewy, almost vertical in position.
蹠骨（後肢系部）：肌肉發達，幾乎垂直。
Hind feet: Tight and firm, without dewclaws, otherwise like frontfeet.
後足：緊而堅固，無狼爪，或與前足一樣。
GAIT/MOVEMENT:
Movement in all gaits is ground covering andsmooth. Hind and front legs set parallel to each other. Gallop longand flat. Back remains level when trotting. Pacing is undesirable.
步態/動態：
所有步態均覆蓋足夠地面且流暢，後肢和前肢平行。疾馳長而平，小跑時背線水平，踱步為不理想。
SKIN: Strong. Well, but not too tight fitting.
皮膚：結實，但不太緊。
COAT: 被毛
Hair:
Short-haired: Short (but longer and thicker than with mostcomparable breeds), strong, very dense, smooth lying topcoat.Without or with only very sparse undercoat.
Longhaired: Soft, long topcoat with or without undercoat. Smooth orslightly wavy. Long flowing hair at ear set on. Velvety hair ispermissible on tips of leathers. Length of coat on flanks 3–5 cm. Onlower side of neck, forechest and belly, generally somewhat longer.Good feathering and breeching, yet less long towards ground. Tailwith good flag. Hair between toes. Hair on head less long. A type ofcoat similar to a double-coat (Stockhaar) with medium length, dense,close fitting topcoat, thick undercoat and moderately developedfeathering and breeching, sometimes occurs in dogs of mixedancestry.
毛質：
短毛：短，結實，密，表面平滑。沒有或有稀疏底毛。
長毛：軟，外層毛長，有或者沒有底毛。光滑或微卷。耳朵覆有軟毛，耳尖允許有絲絨狀被毛，側腹毛長3-5釐米，頸部下方、前胸和腹部毛一般稍長些，臀部覆羽狀飾毛，不太長，尾被毛呈旗狀，腳趾間有毛，頭部毛略短。此種被毛類型類似雙層被毛，中等長度，外毛濃密，底毛厚，有中等羽狀飾毛，有時出現在祖先為混種犬的犬隻上。
Colour: Silver, roe or mouse grey, as well as shades of these colours.Head and leathers generally slightly paler. Only small whitemarkings on chest and toes permitted. Sometimes a more or lessdefined trace occurs along the back.
毛色: 銀色，獐鹿色或鼠灰及相近色調，頭部和飾毛通常較淺。只有前胸和腳趾允許少量白斑，有時沿背部有可見深色痕跡。
SIZE AND WEIGHT: 尺寸和重量
Height at the the withers:
Males: 59 – 70 cm.
Females: 57 – 65 cm.
肩高：公犬59-70釐米，母犬57-65釐米。
Weight:
Males: about 30 – 40 kg.
Females: about 25 – 35 kg.
重量：
公犬：約30-40公斤
母犬：約25-35公斤
FAULTS: 缺陷
Any departure from the foregoing points should be considered a fault and the seriousness with which the fault should be regarded should be in exact proportion to its degree and its effect upon the health and welfare of the dog and its ability to perform itstraditional work..
任何與上述各點的背離均視為缺陷，其缺陷嚴重性嚴格地與其缺陷的程度及對犬隻的健康和福利及履行傳統工作的能力造成的影響成正例。
SEVERE FAULTS: 嚴重缺陷
- Widely spread woolly coat in the shorthaired variety.
- Extremely curly or sparse feathering in the longhaired variety.
- White markings except on chest and toes.
- Ears: Feathering extremely short or long, not turned.
- Back: Severe sway or roach back. Definitely overbuilt atcroup.
- Particularly pronounced dewlap.
- Definitive bow or cow hocks.
- Poor angulation, definitely turned outward turned elbows. Openpaws.
- 短毛品種有廣泛分佈的羊毛狀被毛。
- 長毛品種有極捲曲或分散飾毛。
- 除胸部和腳趾外的地方有白斑。
- 耳：飾毛非常短或長，不轉向。
- 背：嚴重下陷或弓背，臀部過度誇張。
- 跗關節內翻或外翻。
- 缺乏角度，肘關節明顯內翻或外翻。爪子分開。
- 任何身體和行為有明顯異常的犬都為失格。
DISQUALIFYING FAULTS: 失格缺陷
- Aggressive or overly shy.
- Any dog clearly showing physical or behavioural abnormalitiesshall be disqualified.
- Significant deviation in type, untypical for sex.
- Serious deviation in the proportions.
- Size more than 2 cm outside the standard.
- Absolutely untypical, above lumbering or weak.
- Absolute disproportionate.
- Extremely impaired when walking.
- Skin malformations and defects.
- Partial or total hair loss.
- Lack of feathering on belly or ears.
- Deviations from grey tones, such as yellow or brownish, tanbrand.
- Colour other than gray. Blue colouring.
- Foreface absolutely untypical.
- Facial region: Absolutely untypical i.e. distinctly concavenasal bridge. Muzzle too short, pointed, roman nose or withtoo short flews.
- Entropion, ectropion. Slight and one sided lid defects.
- Jaw and teeth: Missing more than two PM1 or M3.
- Chest, belly: malformations; barrel chest; insufficient chestdepth or length; definitely tucked up belly.
- Malformed legs.
- Other malformations.
- Excessively aggressive towards dogs or people, excessive fear.
- Clearly showing behavioural abnormalities
- 有攻擊性或過度羞怯。
- 任何身體和行為有明顯異常的犬都為失格。
- 嚴重偏離標準，性別不明顯。
- 比例嚴重偏離標準。
- 尺寸超出標準2釐米。
- 非常不典型，笨重或軟弱。
- 絕對不成比例。
- 行走時有缺陷。
- 皮膚畸形和缺陷。
- 部分或全部脫毛。
- 耳朵或腹部缺乏飾毛。
- 偏離灰色，如黃色、棕色或褐色。
- 灰色以外的顏色，如藍色。
- 前臉極度不典型。
- 面部：絕對不典型，即明顯凹陷的鼻樑。口吻太短，尖，羅馬鼻或太短的垂唇。
- 瞼內翻，瞼外翻，或輕微單側眼瞼缺陷。
- 下頜和齒：缺失兩顆以上的PM1或M3
- 胸部、腹部：畸形；桶狀胸部；胸部深度或長度不足；腹部收縮。
- 腿部畸形。
- 其他畸形。
- 對人或犬極度有攻擊性，或過度膽怯。
- 表現出明顯的行為異常。
N.B.：
- Male animals should have two apparently normal testicles fullydescended into the scrotum.
- Only functionally and clinically healthy dogs, with breed typicalconformation, should be used for breeding.
注：
- 公犬具備兩個明顯正常且完全置於陰囊的睪丸
- 只有身體機能以及臨床表現健康的，具備典型犬種結構的犬隻，才可用於繁殖。
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