What is the most extreme example of human willpower and discipline?
人類最具毅力和紀律的極端例子是？
評論翻譯
原創翻譯：龍騰網 http://www.ltaaa.com 翻譯：翻譯加工廠 轉載請註明出處
-------------譯者：zmx_cici-審核者：談笑風扔------------
Kevin Luo studied at University of Michigan Ross School of Business upxed Jun 4 2017
Vanderlei Cordeiro de Lima
範德萊·科代羅·德·利馬
Story: He was the leading runner in the 2004 Summer Olympics marathon.
故事內容：他是2004年夏季奧運馬拉松賽的領跑者。
At his pace he was sure to win first place and secure the gold medal which would’ve brought pride and glory to his family and country.
以他的步速，（大家都知道）他肯定會獲得第一名並且攬下能為他家人及國家帶來驕傲與榮譽的金牌。
Near the end of the marathon he was attacked by a spectator. The spectator actually sidelined into him. Intentionally. In public.
然而就在接近馬拉松終點的時候，一位觀眾襲擊了他。這名觀眾，在眾目睽睽之下，就這樣故意地將他強推進（一旁觀看比賽的人群裡）。
That brief 10 second-long distraction was enough to completely disrupt De Lima’s mental AND physical rhythm both of which are critical to running long distance marathons.
只是短暫的10秒鐘，就足以使德·利馬分心，完全打亂了他心理和生理上的節奏，而節奏對跑長距離的馬拉松是極為重要的。
He was quickly surpassed by two other runners and was evidently off his game for the remainder of the marathon. He finished in third place in surprisingly good spirits and received the bronze medal.
很快就有另外兩名跑者超過他，而這無疑破壞了他剩餘的馬拉松賽程（使其失去了獲得金牌的機會）。出人意料的是他以良好的精神面貌（完成了剩下的賽程）獲得第三名，取得了銅牌。
What people remember is that he crossed the finish line with a smile despite what had happened to him just moments before.
給廣大觀眾留下深刻記憶的是他是帶著微笑衝過終點線的，儘管就在剛剛他發生了那樣的一些事。
This was a man who was robbed of first place and an Olympic gold medal in a matter of seconds.
只是幾秒之差，這個男人就被搶奪了第一名以及獲得奧林匹克金牌（的榮耀）。
Imagine training for something your entire life and being so close to accomplishing something extraordinary. Something that brings you your family and your country great pride and happiness and puts you in the history books.
試想一下，你這一生都在為某件事而辛苦訓練，如今你與實現你夢寐以求的非凡成就僅僅只有一步之遙。那是一件使你的家人、你的祖國無比自豪與幸福並能讓你載入史冊的大事。
Only to be robbed in a matter of seconds in the most outrageous and nonsensical way possible. By something that should never have happened in the first place.
僅僅幾秒鐘，就被人以粗暴荒謬至極的方式給阻止了。被從一開始就不應該發生的事給阻止了。
De Lima could’ve stopped running when that incident happened. He could’ve attacked the trespasser. He could’ve complained endlessly to the officials.
在這件意外發生後，德·利馬完全可以停下步伐。他可以反擊那個不法侵入者。他可以向官方沒完沒了地抱怨。
But he pushed past he ran and he finished.
但是他翻篇了，他繼續他的步伐，並且完成賽事。
Even after the fiasco words like “furious” or “hatred” were evidently not in De Lima’s vocabulary. Holding a relentless vendetta against his perpetrator was clearly not important to him.
即使在慘敗之後，德·利馬的詞典裡也明顯地沒有“狂怒”或者“憎恨”等這些詞。顯然，對他來說，對襲擊者進行無情的報復一點都不重要。
Even when a fellow Olympian earnestly offered his own gold medal to De Lima De Lima responded “I am happy with mine - it is bronze but means gold.”
即使當另一位奧運選手真誠地將自己的金牌贈給他時，德·利馬婉拒後這麼回道：“我自己的銅牌很滿意——儘管它是銅牌但（在我眼裡）卻和金牌一模一樣。”
De Lima went on to win a variety of awards commemorating his self-discipline and spirit of sportsmanship.
因其自律及運動員精神，德·利馬贏得許多獎賞 。
He also went on to light the cauldron at the 2016 Rio Olympics.
他也在2016年裡約奧運會上點燃了聖火炬。
It takes immense willpower and discipline to run and finish as a top contender for a marathon in the Olympics but I think what makes De Lima so special is his willpower and discipline to look past something so ill-fated and still come out on top. He truly lives a life of no regrets.
想獲得冠軍之名，進行和完成奧林匹克的馬拉松賽需要巨大的意志力以及自律，但是我認為使得德·利馬獨一無二的正是其放下不幸仍然取得成功的堅強意志力和自律。他真的是活得無怨無悔死而無憾。
And I don’t remember who won first or second place in that 2004 Summer Olympics Marathon.
我並沒有記住誰獲得2004年夏季奧林匹克馬拉松賽的冠軍或亞軍。
But I remember Vanderlei Cordeiro de Lima.
但我記住了範德萊·科代羅·德·利馬這個人。
The man is a legend.
他即傳奇。
-------------譯者：zmx_cici-審核者：hht288------------
Peter T Mayer Cofounder at Myfingerprintart.com upxed Jun 12 2017
Triathlons are tough. Marathons are tougher. Ironman distance triathlons are even tougher.
三項全能運動很難完成。馬拉松更難。長距離鐵人三項全能運動就更難上加難了。
Meet Mr. Dick Hoyt who finished about 1100 different races of various kinds.
讓我們來認識下狄克·霍特先生，他完成了1100多場各種各類的賽事。
Mr. Hoyt is 72 years old.
迪克·霍特先生已經72歲了。
Now you probably say ok great there are other people who regularly participate and finish these races.
好了，你可能會說，好吧，這很贊，但也有其他人定期參加和完成這些賽事的。
Some of you might even say that there are even older people who participated in even more races.
你們中的一些人甚至會說這世上還有年紀更大的參加過更多賽事的人。
You might be right.
或許你說的是對的。
What makes Mr. Hoyt stand out is actually the fact that this guy participated in every single one of these races with his son Rick Hoyt who was diagnosed with cerebral palsy after his birth and was given a very grim life prognosis.
讓迪克·霍特先生與眾不同的是，他每一場賽事都會帶上他兒子一起參加，而他兒子瑞克·霍特自出生起就被診斷為腦癱，醫生預測其之後的生活很是嚴峻。
How does Mr. Hoyt do it?
那麼霍特先生是怎樣做的呢？
Like this:
像這樣：
And like this:
以及這樣：
And like this:
還有這樣：
If this is not the most extreme discipline and willpower I do not know what is.
如果這都不是最極端的自律以及超強意志力，那我還真不知道什麼是了。
Hats off to you Mr. Hoyt you have my utmost respect!
向您致以最高敬意，霍特先生！
-------------譯者：aspenblack-審核者：hht288------------
Maiwenn Alix French Writer (2015-present) upxed Jan 5
The below pic is not of a statue.
以下圖片並不是一座雕像。
It is of a monk Liuquan suspected to have mummified himself alive.
這是僧人，六全，被懷疑木乃伊化自己以長存。
Self mummification used to be an extreme way to reach enlightenment and be recognized and revered as a “living Buddha”. It was quite popular with the Sokushinbutsu a group of Japanese buddhist monks with inspiration from Shintoism.
自我木乃伊化，曾作為一種達到開悟而被認定並尊崇為“肉身菩薩”的極端方法。這在即身佛中大受歡迎。即身佛，一支受神道教啟發的日本佛教僧侶。
The process demonstrates in my opinion the most extreme willpower :
這個過程展示了在我看來最極端的意志力：
The monk had to starve himself for a thousand days ingesting only water seeds and nuts to suppress all the fat in his body.
僧人必須在一千日內只攝入水、種子、果仁，其他都禁食以抑制其體內脂肪。
Then he would change his diet to some pine roots and needles for another thousand days to get rid of his body fluids.
接下來一千日，他會改吃些松根和松針以去除其體液。
The last stage would be to drink a toxic tea that would slowly poison and dehydrate him. This would prevent the body from being attacked by insects and worms.
末尾階段將飲用一種毒茶緩緩毒化身體並使自身脫水。這樣可以讓其肉體免受蟲害。
Finally the monk would be put in a small cavity : basically buried alive with just a hole to breathe chanting sutras and with a string attached to a bell to ring once a day to tell others he was still alive. When the bell would stop ringing they would know he was dead and the tomb would be sealed.
最終僧人會被放入一個小坑內：大體算是活埋，只留一個小孔以呼吸。僧人誦經，每日搖響用繩繫著的鈴以告知他人自己還活著。當鈴聲不再響起，他們就知道他已圓寂，墓坑會被密封起來。
It is believed that the monk in the statue went through this process - even though the presence of paper instead of the organs could also indicate he was mummified later - as dozens of others.
據信，雕像中的僧人是成功經受了這個過程的後，即使是通過文字記錄而非器官來顯示也表明他最後是木乃伊化了。還有幾十個這樣的人。
If slowly transforming yourself into a mummy for decades and burying yourself alive is not an example of extreme willpower I don’t know what is.
如果用幾十年緩慢地將自己轉化為木乃伊並活埋自己都不算是極端意志力的範例，我不知道還有什麼算是了。
-------------譯者：aspenblack-審核者：roroho------------
Murphy Rodriguez Interviewed a former Navy Seal Answered May 3 2017
I think one great example is seen in the Navy Seals. I just interviewed a former Navy Seal for a history project. While I knew it was hard to become one I had no idea the extent of the difficulty. I mean these guys are insane.
我覺得海豹突擊隊是一個很好的範例。我剛為一個歷史課題採訪了一名前海豹突擊隊隊員。儘管我知道成為其中一員很難，但我完全沒想到會這麼難。我是說這些人簡直是太瘋狂了。
The man whom I interviewed reflected on his training specifically on this one period of time called “hell week.” It was appropriately named to say the least.
我採訪的那個男人回想了下他的訓練，特別是這段叫“地獄周”的時期。至少可以說，這命名起的挺恰當。
Over five days the men get a total of four hours of sleep. The time they are awake is filled by physically draining mind-throbbing activities
整整五天，受訓者總共只能睡四小時。他們清醒的時間都擠滿了肉體和精神都被掏空的活動。
They put the men in cold water almost but not quite to the point of hypothermia. They run do push-ups swim and carry heavy loads. Nonstop almost 24 hours a day for five days.
他們把受訓者投入幾乎是寒冷的水中，但水溫不低過體溫。他們跑步、做俯臥撐、游泳和搬重物。五天，幾乎每天24小時，不停歇訓練。
The guy reflected on how on the second day his buddy was sitting across from him crying and sobbing snot drenched everywhere and finally walked off and quit.
受訪者回想起，他的夥伴是怎樣於第二天坐在他對面，涕泗橫流全身溼透並最後離開退出的。
For the ones who do make it through it is truly a testament to the discipline the human mind can achieve especially when there is a way out available. To go through all that when you have a choice to not do so would be as I imagine it (though I'm not sure I can) extremely difficult.
對通過的人來說，這確實證明了人的心智能達到自律，尤其是還有一條出路可以離開的時候。在你可以選擇不承受這樣嚴酷的訓練卻咬牙堅持到了最後，這就是我所想的（儘管我不確定我可以做到）極端困難的事。
Sean Kernan Son of Quora Answered Dec 1
SEAL Hell Week
海豹隊的地獄周。
It’s the bottleneck of SEAL training that weeds out the majority of a very tough and talented final pool of applicants.
這是通過海豹訓練的瓶頸，它會從最後一批堅強又有天分的申請者中淘汰掉大部分人數。
You wake up on a Sunday night to gunfire. You then exercise run into cold water carry logs do painful calisthenics and go with no sleep all the way until Friday.
你週日晚上在槍炮聲中醒來，緊接著操練、跑進冷水、搬大原木、做痛苦的體操訓練，全程無眠直至週五。
I repeat Sunday to Friday no sleep.
我再說一次，從週日到週五，無眠訓練。
Just exercise cold water lots of yelling and teamwork.
只有操練、進冷水，大量叫喊和團隊活動。
It’s part of what produces (arguably) the most elite soldiers on the planet.
（可以說）這是全球最精英的士兵產生的一部分原因。
-------------譯者：willdemon-審核者：龍騰翻譯總管------------
Nathan Jackson Explorer of Quora Answered Dec 6
On April 26th 2003 a man called Aron Ralston set out on a canyon hike in a remote part of Utah—when a large rock became dislodged and fell on him.
2003年4月26日，一名叫阿倫·羅斯頓的男子出發前往猶他州偏遠地區的大峽谷進行遠足——途中一塊巨石松動掉落到他的身上。
His right hand was crushed and pinned against the canyon wall.
他的右臂被巨石壓碎並釘死在峽谷的側壁上。
This is a real photo by the way.
順便說下，下圖就是當時的真實照片。
Before leaving on the hike Aron told nobody of his plans.
出發遠足前阿倫沒有告知任何人此次行程。
He had no means of calling for rescue.
他也沒有任何手段能呼叫救援。
He was utterly alone.
他徹底地與外部失去聯繫。
Over the course of three days he desperately tried to free his trapped arm . He attempted to wrench it out. He chipped at the boulder with his penknife. He tried rigging up a pulley system to lift the rock.
在三天時間裡，他絕望地試圖抽出被壓住的胳膊。他嘗試過把胳膊扭出來，也試過用小刀一點點挖開石頭，甚至他還嘗試過組裝一個滑輪系統把巨石吊起來。
Nothing worked.
這些嘗試都沒有用。
With virtually no food or water left and no hope of rescue Aron was left with only one hope of survival: to saw his arm off with a blunt penknife.
最終，由於沒有食物、沒有水、沒有救援希望，阿倫唯一自救的方式就是： 用一把已經摩鈍了的小刀把自己的胳膊鋸斷。
At this point many people would have given up.
在這種情況下大多數人估計就放棄了。
And Aron nearly did.
阿倫差點也放棄了。
He recorded a goodbye video for his family and carved his name date of birth and supposed date of death into the stone.
他給家人拍了臨終告別錄像，還在岩石上刻下了他的名字，出生日期以及可能的死亡日期。
But it was not to be.
但這不是最後的結局。
Five days after being trapped he finally amputated his right arm over the course of an hour with the tiny dull blade of his knife. He tied the stump with a makeshift tourniquet.
被困5天后，阿倫花了一個小時，用他那把早已磨鈍了的小刀鋸斷了自己的右臂。並用臨時止血帶包紮了殘肢。
One-armed and dying of dehydration and blood loss he roped himself down and out of the canyon where he found rescue.
在失去一條胳膊、嚴重脫水及失血的情況下，阿倫還是用繩索降到地面，並走出峽谷並找到救援。
After losing his arm Aron continues to climb and hike to this day.
今天，失去了一條手臂的阿倫仍然繼續在遠足及攀巖。
His experience was later made into a hit film—127 Hours.
他的經歷後來被拍成電影 《127小時》。
It amazes me how a human could have the sheer willpower and determination to physically excruciatingly saw their own arm off with nothing more than a blunt penknife.
讓我震撼的是，一個人怎麼會有如此強大的意志和決心，僅僅用一把磨鈍了的小刀，在忍受極大痛苦的狀態下生生把自己的胳膊鋸下來。
Wansai Ounkeo Dec 6
There is also another lesson in this:
這件事還說明了一個教訓。
Always let someone know where you are going.
永遠要讓別人知道你的行蹤。
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