功能+美學，來看這所幾乎完美的藝術學院

Gerrit Rietveld研究院與Sandberg科研機構
Gerrit Rietveld Academy and Sandberg Institute / Studio Paulien Bremmer + Hootsmans Architects
由專築網小R，王雪純編譯
Gerrit Rietveld研究院與Sandberg科研機構的實用空間較為缺乏，因此需要在場地上建造新建築，該項目正對著由Gerrit Rietveld設計的大樓，旁側是一個由Benthem & Crouwel負責的擴建項目。整個園區給這座藝術學校構成了新場所。
‘Driven by lack of space, the Gerrit Rietveld Academie and Sandberg Instituut ordered the construction of a complementary third building on its grounds, opposite the building designed by Gerrit Rietveld and next to the expansion by Benthem & Crouwel. The resulting campus provides this leading art school with a new setting.

使用者的專業與實驗。建築師認為，藝術學院應當貼近社區的特徵，因此在學院內發佈了一場競賽，在競賽中，Fedlev團隊勝出。設計師之間的合作讓這種使用者的專業空間更加概念化。實驗性是這座學院的關鍵元素，各個學科的結合互動顯得尤為關鍵。
User Expertise and Experiment. With regard to the selection of the architects, the art academy decided to stay close to the character of the community and launch an in-house competition. Fedlev won. This cooperative of designers has turned its user expertise into a concept. ‘Experimentation is key at the academy. This essentially means looking across borders and disciplines.

Fedlev團隊創始人兼建築師Paulien Bremmer認為，學院的自主化功能文化無法滿足跨學科的工作方式。因此項目的概念起源於集體化的跨學科教育環境。因此建築師設計了景觀式的建築空間，以互動為出發點，以製作、溝通、交流為背景。
The autonomous departmental culture of the academy didn’t contribute enough to an interdisciplinary way of working,’ says architect and Fedlev initiator Paulien Bremmer. The starting point for the expansion was a scenario for the creation of a collective, interdisciplinary educational environment. The result is a landscaped building: a backdrop to making, meeting and exchange. Interaction as a Starting Point.

在設計的初步階段，Fedlev與Hootsmans建築事務所共同合作，這座新建築於2019年1月完工，平面近似長方形，並且有3個樓層，一層位於地下，頂層出挑。建築的沿街面是木材工作坊和圖書館。一層的空間專為Sandberg研究機構的學生們而設計。建築內的其他空間則為公眾共享，這裡包括禮堂、電影工作室、門廳等功能區域。
In the preliminary design stage, Fedlev entered into a partnership with Hootsmans architects. The new building, completed in January 2019, has a rectangular floor plan and consists of three layers, one below ground level and the top one cantilevered. Next to each other on the street side are the wood workshop and the library. The spaces on the first floor are earmarked for students of the Sandberg Instituut. Other spaces in the building are shared, including facilities such as the assembly hall, the auditorium and the film studio.

在地面層，建築師對現有建築的平面功能進行了輕微的調整，在建築的下部構成了公共空間。擴建部分的玻璃立面可以部分打開，讓建築之間產生互動。公共屋頂區域可以用作展覽、表演，也可以放置一些臨時裝置，這麼一來，新建築就被留出了充足的地面空間。建築師在建築的不同樓層之間也設計了許多功能區域，促進了跨學科的交流。
At the ground level, a modest reshuffle of the existing buildings’ programmes made room for a shared space around the base of the building. The extension’s glass façade can be opened in many places, facilitating interaction in the space between the buildings. A communal roof area that is suitable for exhibitions, performances and the making of temporary constructions gives the new building back the space the extension occupies on the ground. To stimulate interdisciplinary activity, the architects created project spaces on different floors throughout the buildings.

這些空間給學生提供自由工作與實驗的場所。建築自身也成為了景觀，其樓層與功能通過不同的方式連接在一起。建築內部較為通透，有著視覺的連接特徵。這裡並沒有設置樓梯井與走廊，這讓各個實驗過程都對外可見，進一步促進了跨學科的交流。
The spaces offer students the opportunity to work and experiment freely, separate from the departmental structure. Architectural Finishing. Part of a landscaped spatiality, the building’s floors and functions are connected in various ways. Transparency and visual links characterize the interior. There are no stairwells or corridors, which means the making process is always visible and interdisciplinary exchange is always possible.

工業風格的地面與牆體讓空間看起來更加連續。建築師在設計方案中結合了“白色空間”的手法，構成了各種各樣的空間場所，室內的部分區域由第三方負責設計，從而增加了其中設計手法的豐富性。外部立面的智能輕施工技術滿足了自然通風的功能，並且儘可能少地應用了技術裝置。
Varying, often industrially executed floors and walls define successive places. The diversity of spaces is increased by the introduction of the ‘white spaces’ in the design: parts of the interior designed and executed by third parties in the community. The smart and low-tech construction of the exterior façade creates natural ventilation and thus keeps the number of technical installations to a minimum.

懸挑與編制鋼材立面能夠遮擋過於強烈的日光。懸挑體量下方構成了過渡空間。這座建築如同一座社交場所，其中自然地結合了教育、放鬆、交流等功能，給當代教育場所構成了具有互動特徵的新環境，使用者可以在這裡進行充滿創意的實驗，因此，這是一座充滿概念與想法的建築。
The overhangs and the woven-steel façade limit heating by incident sunlight. Beneath the overhangs are transitional spaces that people can claim as work spaces. The building is a social hub that quite naturally accommodates and spatially connects education, encounter, relaxation and collectivism and in which changing perspectives inform the educational environment. It is an interactive and dynamic setting for making and experimenting; a building that generates ideas, thoughts and works.

建築設計：Hootsmans Architects, Studio Paulien Bremmer
地點：荷蘭，阿姆斯特丹
類別：研究機構
面積：6850.0 ㎡
項目時間：2019年
攝影：Johannes Schwartz, Jeroen Verrecht
結構設計競賽團隊：Paulien Bremmer with Maze de Boer, Sandra Stanionyte, Luca Carboni and Marjan van Herpen, Joost Huyzer, Akira Negishi, Jan Willem Petersen, Luuc Sonke, Victor Verhage, Stephanie Willocx
初始活動設計團隊：Fedlev: Paulien Bremmer, Marjan van Herpen, Joost Huyzer, Anne Dessing, Alexander Lefebvre, Anastasia Pandilovska, Milan Rikhof, Luuc Sonke, Vincka Struben, Claudia Temperilli. Hootsmans architects: Rob Hootsmans, Daan Petri, Carlota Alvarado, Remco Bruggink, René Bos, Elke Demyttenaere, Pier Helder, Viktor van Hooff, Jeroen Kreijne, Eric van Noord.

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