專業英語Day112丨生產力的提升並非依靠勞動力達成




Productivity means that balance between all factors of production that will give the greatest output for the smallest effort.

生產力意味著所有生產要素之間的平衡,能以最少的努力,獲得最大的產出。


This is quite a different thing from productivity per worker or per hour of work; it is at best distantly and vaguely reflected in these traditional standards.

這和每位員工平均生產力或每個工時的平均生產力是兩回事,這些傳統標準充其量只是含糊地反映了生產力的部分事實。


For these standards still stand on the eighteenth-century superstition that manual labor is, in the last resort, the only productive resource, manual work the only real “effort”.

原因在於,傳統標準仍然執著於18世紀的謬誤,認為體力勞動者是唯一的生產資源,體力勞動是唯一的真正“努力”。


They still express the mechanistic fallacy — of which Marx, to the permanent disability of Marxian economics, was the last important dupe — that all human achievement could eventually be measured in units of muscle effort.

這種觀念表現了機械論的謬誤,認為人類的所有成就最終都能以勞動力為衡量的單位。


【編注】《資本論》質疑,馬克思主義經濟學缺陷,錯誤地認為勞動力可以創造一切。


But if we know one thing it is that increased productivity, in modern economy, is never achieved by muscle effort.

但是在現代經濟體系中,生產力的提升從來都不是靠體力勞動而達成的。


It is, in fact, never achieved by the laborer. It is always the result of doing away with muscle effort, of substituting something else for the laborer.

事實上,企業從來都不是靠體力勞動者來達到提高生產力的目標,而是用其他方式取代體力勞動之後的結果。


One of these substitutes is, of course, capital equipment, that is, mechanical energy.

當然,其中一個替代方式就是資本設備,換句話說,以機械能取代體能。


REFERENCE:

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本文內容來源參考書籍《管理的實踐》

The Practice of Management

Peter F. Drucker

* 本書為第一部從實際執行層面立論的管理學書籍,第一部兼顧管理現有企業和創新未來企業的著作