北京·410㎡平頂四合院改造設計——摺疊院頭條網

2021-04-17 12:54:34 佚名

項目位於北京東城區錢糧衚衕一片院落之間,佔地面積約410平方米。原有建築並不是四合院常見的坡頂建築，而是幾個相互分離的磚混平頂房。平頂房應該是四合院某一時期被改建的結果，在舊城之中也有不少這樣的房子。

場地分前後兩個部分，前部是一塊空地，包含兩個磚房和一棵老樹；後部是一個U形建築體，玻璃屋頂蓋住了內院。舊建築結構老化，房間狹小封閉，缺少基礎設施，已經無法滿足當代生活的使用，需要徹底改造。改造之後的建築將出租給潛在的客戶，需要滿足可辦公、可聚會、可居住的彈性使用。因此，本次改造的主要挑戰是：如何基於現存條件做恰當的拆改，增加建築空間的活力，回應不確定的功能。

▼改造前 The existed project site

基於平屋頂建築的特點，設計在舊有建築平面格局上添加了連廊和樓梯，將屋頂與地面、房屋與庭院相互串聯，成為一條可通達賞玩的摺疊循環路線，讓建築的內與外、上與下、新與舊產生互動關係。

▼生成圖解 Generation illustration

▼軸測圖 Axonometric diagram

▼基於建築的特點，設計在舊有建築平面格局上添加了連廊和樓梯

平屋頂是一處在四合院區域難得的公共活動場地，也是內部功能使用的重要延伸，屋頂景觀與周邊複雜多樣的坡屋頂建築和樹木形成有趣的對應。

圍繞摺疊的環線，由入口向內部自然劃分出四個不同尺度的庭院——入口處狹長的竹院；保留原有老槐樹的樹院；清除原來玻璃頂，並置入水景、卵石的水院；以及保留南向與鄰里過渡的後院。因此，在這個空間遊走將伴隨著不斷變化的景緻。

Along the circulation route, four yards of different scales were marked out, including a long and narrow yard embellished with bamboos at the entrance, a yard with an old locust tree remained in situ, a yard characterized by waterscape and cobbles, with the original glass roof removed, and a south-facing backyard connecting to the neighbor’s house. By following the circulation, people can enjoy variable views in the space.

▼入口 Entrance

▼前廳 Vestibule

▼入口處狹長的竹院 The long and narrow yard embellished with bamboos at the entrance

▼樹院 The yard with an old locust tree

保留原有建築的兩處磚房子，並新增三處磚盒子則作為私密空間，功能分別被設定為休息室、廚房、衛生間等。盒子之間構成連續而又分離的公共區域，可容納辦公、聚會、餐飲等活動。磚盒子牆體內部隱藏著屋面的結構，設計有意讓屋面與磚盒子牆面脫開產生天光的縫隙，令二者獨立並置。

ARCHSTUDIO retained the two brick rooms that already existed, and at the same time inserted three new brick-structured boxes, which were set as private spaces and can serve the functions of sitting room, kitchen, restroom, etc. The gaps between the three new boxes form a continuous but detached public space for working, gathering, dining and other activities. The architects hided structural columns of the roof inside the brick boxes’ walls, and deliberately left gaps between the roof and boxes, with a view to letting daylight filter in.

項目沿用了四合院常見的舊磚、青瓦、水泥等作為主要材料。屋面均為立砌青瓦鋪裝，青瓦按照屋頂不同方向線性排布，並跟隨樓梯連接到室內，產生如流水一般的視覺效果。屋面為現澆混凝土板，室內表面保留了木紋模板的自然紋理。磚盒子則是由附近院落拆除的舊磚砌築的，由牆面延伸到屋頂並形成了休息座椅。

Common construction materials for Siheyuan such as bricks, grey tiles and cement were utilized for this project. The rooftop was paved with grey tiles, which were arranged linearly in different directions. Notably, those tiles extend to indoor area, resulting in flowing-water-like visual effects. The roof has a cast-in-situ concrete structure, and wood grains on interior surfaces generated from the form work was retained. The brick boxes were built with old bricks from demolished houses nearby, with the wall stretching to the rooftop and forming seats for resting.

▼一層平面圖 1F plan

▼屋頂平面圖 Rooftop plan

▼剖面圖 Section

項目名稱：摺疊院
項目地址：北京市東城區錢糧衚衕
佔地面積：410平方米
建築面積：308平方米
建造時間：2018.04—2019.04
主要材料：磚、青瓦、水泥、水磨石、玻璃
設計公司：建築營設計工作室(www.archstudio.cn)
主設計師：韓文強
設計團隊：黃濤、王同輝、張富華、鄭寶偉、於妍
攝影師：王寧