來看,怎麼分清楚這幾組讓人撓頭的易混淆英語詞語(II)

英語裡,在沒有語境的情況下,很多近義詞的意思基本上一致,幾乎無法分清相互之間的區別,讓人雌雄莫辨。

昨天的兩組同義詞的分析如下:

來看,怎麼分清楚這幾組讓人撓頭的易混淆英語詞語

来看,怎么分清楚这几组让人挠头的易混淆英语词语(II)

今天來看另外兩組易混淆的詞語:

3. blame, condemn, reproach, scold這一組詞都有“責備”之意。

BLAME

If you blame a person or thing for something bad, you believe or say that they are responsible for it or that they caused it.

責怪,把……歸咎於,

一般指對不端行為、過失、罪過等的“責備”,有時含斥責挑剔的意味。

例句:

The commission is expected to blame the army for many of the atrocities.

委員會理應譴責軍隊的諸多暴行。

Ms Carey appeared to blame her breakdown on EMI's punishing work schedule.

凱麗女士似乎將她的精神崩潰歸咎於百代唱片公司高度緊張的工作日程安排。

The driver was not to blame for the accident.

這次事故怪不著司機。

CONDEMN

If you condemn something, you say that it is very bad and unacceptable.

譴責

用於比較正式的、嚴肅的場合。一般指責備或非難某人的不良行為,批評的含義較強。

例句:

Most people condemn war.

大多數人都譴責戰爭。

Political leaders united yesterday to condemn the latest wave of violence.

政界領袖昨日聯合起來對最近激增的暴力事件予以譴責。

Graham was right to condemn his players for lack of ability, attitude and application.

格雷厄姆指責隊員們技藝不佳、態度不端正而且不夠努力,他說得沒錯。

REPROACH

If you reproach someone, you say or show that you are disappointed, upset, or angry because they have done something wrong.

(書面語)責備,表示不滿。

例句:

She is quick to reproach anyone who doesn't live up to her own high standards.

只要有人不符合她自己的高標準,她馬上就會加以指責。

She had not even reproached him for breaking his promise.

她甚至沒有責怪他違背諾言。

不過,reproach還有另一個與上面意思相反的意思,即“自責”。

If you reproach yourself, you think with regret about something you have done wrong.

例句:

You've no reason to reproach yourself, no reason to feel shame.

你沒有理由自責,也沒有理由感到慚愧。

We begin to reproach ourselves for not having been more careful.

我們開始自責起來,怪自己不夠小心。

SCOLD

If you scold someone, you speak angrily to them because they have done something wrong.

責罵,訓斥。

一般指大聲怒斥,可指上級對下級,長輩對晚輩,老師對學生的不滿或對舉止不端的責備、責怪;也可指對嚴重錯誤、瑣事的抱怨。

例句:

He's too angry to hold on to himself not to scold.

他太生氣了,甚至控制不住自己大罵了起來。

If he finds out, he'll scold me.

如果他知道了,肯定會責罵我的。

Later she scolded her daughter for having talked to her father like that.

後來她訓斥女兒不應該那樣對父親說話。

来看,怎么分清楚这几组让人挠头的易混淆英语词语(II)

4.blunder, error, fault, mistake都有“錯誤”的意思。

BLUNDER

A blunder is a stupid or careless mistake.

(因為無知、疏忽犯下的)大錯,愚蠢的錯誤。

例句:

I think he made a tactical blunder by announcing it so far ahead of time.

我認為他在時機遠未成熟時就把這事說了出去是一種失策。

I saw that I had been guilty of a careless blunder.

我意識到自己因疏忽而釀成大錯。

ERROR

An error is something you have done which is considered to be incorrect or wrong, or which should not have been done.

錯誤;差錯

指判斷、計算或行為上的錯誤,也指智力或道義上的錯誤。

例句:

NASA discovered a mathematical error in its calculations...

美國國家航空航天局在它的計算結果中發現了一個數學錯誤。

MPs attacked lax management and errors of judgment.

議員們抨擊管理的鬆散和判斷的失誤。

The accident was caused by human error.

這一事故是人為錯誤造成的。

FAULT

這個詞有三種“錯誤”的意思,且層次不一樣:

1)If a bad or undesirable situation is your fault, you caused it or are responsible for it.

責任;過失;過錯

例句:

There was no escaping the fact: it was all his fault...

這全是他的錯,這是無法迴避的事實。

A few borrowers will find themselves in trouble with their repayments through no fault of their own.

一些借款人會發現,他們還款遇到了麻煩,但根本不是由於自身的過失造成的。

2)A fault is a mistake in what someone is doing or in what they have done.

錯誤; 失誤

例句:

It is a big fault to think that you can learn how to manage people in business school.

以為在商學院能學會如何管理人是一大錯誤。

3)A fault in someone or something is a weakness in them or something that is not perfect.

缺點;毛病,多指道德行為的缺點或功能方面的缺陷。

例句:

His manners had always made her blind to his faults.

他的彬彬有禮總是使她對他的缺點視而不見。

...a short delay due to a minor technical fault...

一個技術上的小故障引起的短暫延誤

There is a fault in the electrical system.電路系統出了故障。

MISTAKE

If you make a mistake, you do something which you did not intend to do, or which produces a result that you do not want.

誤會,誤解;(粗心、遺忘所導致的)錯誤。

例句:

They made the big mistake of thinking they could seize its border with a relatively small force.

他們大錯特錯,居然認為以較少的兵力就能夠奪取其邊境地區。

I think it's a serious mistake to confuse books with life.

我認為把書本同生活混為一談是大錯特錯。

One should not plead inexperience in excuse of his mistake.

一個人不應該藉口缺乏經驗來為其錯誤辯解。

~~未完待續~~

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