文言文、譯文、英文對照版《出師表》上篇

文言文、譯文、英文對照版《出師表》上篇

文:臣亮言:先帝創業未半而中道崩殂,今天下三分,益州疲弊,此誠危急存亡之秋也。然侍衛之臣不懈於內,忠志之士忘身於外者,蓋追先帝之殊遇,欲報之於陛下也。誠宜開張聖聽,以光先帝遺德,恢弘志士之氣,不宜妄自菲薄,引喻失義,以塞忠諫之路也。

譯:先帝開創的大業未完成一半卻中途去世了。現在天下分為三國,益州地區民力匱乏,這確實是國家危急存亡的時期啊。不過宮廷裡侍從護衛的官員不懈怠,戰場上忠誠有志的將士們奮不顧身,大概是他們追念先帝對他們的特別的知遇之恩(作戰的原因),想要報答在陛下您身上。(陛下)你實在應該擴大聖明的聽聞,來發揚光大先帝遺留下來的美德,振奮有遠大志向的人的志氣,不應當隨便看輕自己,說不恰當的話,以致於堵塞人們忠心地進行規勸的言路。

英:Permit your servant, Liang, to observe: the late sovereign was taken from us while his life's work, the restoration of the Han, remained unfinished. Today, in a divided empire, our third, the province of Yizhou, war-worn and under duress, faces a season of crisis that threatens our very survival. Despite this, the officials at court persevere in their tasks, and loyal-minded officers throughout the realm dedicate themselves to you because one and all they cherish the memory of the exceptional treatment they enjoyed from the late sovereign and wish to repay it in service to Your Majesty.Truly this is a time to widen your sagely audience in order to enhance the late Emperor's glorious virtue and foster the morale of your dedicated officers. it would be unworthy of Your Majesty to demean yourself by resorting to ill-chosen justificationsthat would block the avenues of loyal remonstrance.

文言文、譯文、英文對照版《出師表》上篇

文:宮中府中,俱為一體,陟罰臧否,不宜異同。若有作奸犯科及為忠善者,宜付有司論其刑賞,以昭陛下平明之理,不宜偏私,使內外異法也。

譯:皇宮中和朝廷裡的大臣,本都是一個整體,獎懲功過,好壞,不應該有所不同。如果有做奸邪事情,犯科條法令和忠心做善事的人,應當交給主管的官,判定他們受罰或者受賞,來顯示陛下公正嚴明的治理,而不應當有偏袒和私心,使宮內和朝廷獎罰方法不同。

英:The royal court and the ministerial administration constitute a single government. Both must be judged by one standard. Thsoe who do evil and violate the codes, as well as those who are loyal and good, must receive their due from the proper authorities.This will make manifest Your Majesty's fair and enlightened governance. Let no unseemly bias lead to different rules forthe court and the administration.

文言文、譯文、英文對照版《出師表》上篇

中:侍中、侍郎郭攸之、費禕、董允等,此皆良實,志慮忠純,是以先帝簡拔以遺陛下。愚以為宮中之事,事無大小,悉以諮之,然後施行,必得裨補闕漏,有所廣益。

譯:侍中、侍郎郭攸之、費禕、董允等人,這些都是善良誠實的人,他們的志向和心思忠誠無二,因此先帝把他們選拔出來輔佐陛下。我認為(所有的)宮中的事情,無論事情大小,都拿來跟他們商量,這樣以後再去實施,一定能夠彌補缺點和疏漏之處,可以獲得很多的好處。

英:Privy counselors and imperial attendants like Guo Youzhi, Fei Yi, and Dong Yun are all solid, reliable men, loyal of purpose, pure in motive. The late Emperor selected them for office so that they would serve Your Majesty after his demise. In my own humble opinion, consulting these men on palace affairs great or small before action is taken will prevent errors and shortcomings and maximize advantages. Xiang Chong, a general of fine character and fair-minded conduct, profoundly versed in military matters, proved himself in battle during the previous reign, and the late Emperor pronounced him capable. That is why the assembly has recommended him for overall command. In my humble opinion, General Xiang Chong should be consulted on all military matters large or small to ensure harmony in the ranks and the judicious use of personnel.


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